Composite washer



(No Model.)

sil-IOFFBGKER. 4ooMPos'ITB WASHER.

NQ. 264,537. Ptend sept. 19, 1882.

UMIIIIIHIIHIVHIIHLIIIILUf WMJVESSES RS Phum-Lmwgrapher, washington n C `v UNITED STATES PAT-ENT OFFICE,

JOIIN s.' EIOFFEOKER, OF WILMINGTON, DELAWARE.

COM PO'SITE wAsH ER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 264,537, dated September 19, 1862.

' Application tiled July '1, 1882. (No model.)

To all, whom it may concern Be it known that I, JOHN S.-HOFFEOKER, of

Wilmington, in the county of New Castle and State of Delaware, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Composite Washers, of which the following is a specication.

My invention relates'to composite washers, especially useful as locks for bolt-nuts, such as v shown in Letters Patent No. 207,275, granted and that it is also highly desirable to strengthen sh-plate, such as is 1n common use.

the ber body without impairing itscapabilities and` advantages as a washer.

The object ot' my invention, therefore, is to improve the composite washer shown. in my said patent by protecting the vulcanized-ber portion from the action of the Weatherlandin'. strengthening said washer, therebyincreasing its durability and cfoiency. ,f/

The subject-matter claimed is particularly pointed ont at the close ot' the specification.

In the drawings, Figure 1 -is a perspective view of my improved composite washer. Fig. 2 is a view of the iiat side thereof', which is placed next to the fish-plate or surface through which the bolt passes. Fig.3 is an edge view ofthe semicircul-ar portion of the washer, and Fig. et is a vertical transverse section through a railroad-rail and its fish-plates, showing my improvements as applied to one of the bolts connecting said rail and plates, the composite washer being also shown in section. y

The rail A,at its point ofjunction with another r'ail, is provided with the usual shplates, B B', one, B', of Vwhich is an angular Bolts G are passed through the websot' the rails and through said sh-plates, and nuts D are screwed upon said bolts in the usual manner. y

Surrounding the bolt C, and interposed be tween the-nut D and the outer face of the anons actions from strain.

gle sh-plate B', is one ot' my improved composite washers,.which consists of a vulcanizedber Washer, c, enveloped and surrounded by a thin flexible metallic sheet casing or plate,

d, the said eXible plate being rmly secured to the ber washer by being bent from one side ot' the washer over its edges and down upon the opposite side, as clearly shown. in Figs. 2 and 4. By this means, when the composite washer is passed on over the bolt and -its inner Hat side is pressed against the shplate by tightly screwing up the nut, the edges of the ber portion of the washer will be protected by the covering of the metal sheet or plate which envelops said edges, while its front face will also be protected by said metal sheet or plate. The rear face ofthe ber washer will obviously also be protected by the tight joint between said sheet or plate and the face ot' the sh-plate, dile to tightly screwing up the. not upon its -bolt. By the use of the enveloping metal plate or casing d additional strength is impartedf to the washer without impairing its action as a yielding washer to obviate injuri- The ber-Washer c being yielding, and the metal sheet d being flexible, and the nut D, moreover, being smaller than said composite Washer, it results, upon rmly screwing up the nut, that the central part of the ber washer under the nut is compressed and crowded outward, and that its edges thicken, bend, or expand outside ot' the edges of the nut, and bend the eXible protecting-plate up around the edges of said nut, to

lock it from turning upon its bolt, in the manner clearly shown inFig. 4.

When the compositewasher is to be used with an angle tish-plate, B', such as shown in Fig. 4, it will be obvious that but small space is left between the bolt and the angle portion b of the slrplate for the passage of lthe washer, so as to rest tightly against the face of said plate.

In Order to adapt a washer for etcient use under such circumstances, I construct it in the form clearly shown in the drawings-that is, with a semicironlar top portion, and with alat or'straight lower edge to rest upon the angle of the sh-plate, the bolt-hole being nearer the bottom than the top of the washer.

A Washer to be used as a nut-lock in the vmanner described may thus be employed where IOC and edges enveloped by zi flexible metallic plate or casing, so as to be protected and strengthened, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof l have hereunto sub- 15 Y scribed my nume this 1st day of July, A. D. 1882.

JOHN S. HOFFECKER.

Witnesses:

WM. J. PEYTON, l J AMES YOUNG. 

